Page URL: https://practice.orangatamariki.govt.nz/core-practice/practice-tools/our-practice-approach-tools-and-resources/frame-within-a-frame
Printed: 18/09/2025
Printed pages may be out of date. Please check this information is current before using it in your practice.

Last updated: 01/11/2024

Frame within a frame

We apply the concept of a frame within a frame to support a stronger response to harm and risk of harm within the context of oranga and move us from being incident focused.

About the ‘frame within a frame’ concept

When we view harm or risk of harm through a narrow frame (such as a risk frame), our understanding is limited by our ability to see anything beyond that frame. A truer understanding requires us to widen the frame and consider all the dimensions of oranga. This brings into view the impact of harm, or risk of harm, across all of the dimensions.

We don’t take our eyes off the risk or harm, but we place this narrow frame within the larger frame so we understand what sits inside the narrow frame in the wider context.

The frame within a frame concept supports us to:

  • build and deepen our understanding of harm, risk of harm and safety in the context of oranga
  • apply critical thinking and analysis about harm and risk of harm, or youth offending, occurring within context (ecological analysis)
  • explore assumptions and bias.

Image – Smaller frames sit within the oranga frame

A photo of 2 adults and 3 children is set within a frame with smaller frames around 2 of the children.

View full size image (PNG 2.7 MB) Download image (PNG 2.7 MB)

Video – Marlene Welsh-Sauni demonstrates oranga framing