Mass allegation investigations

1 Liaise with Police

If we receive a report of concern that could expand into an MAI, we should liaise with the Police Child Protection team immediately using the Child Protection Protocol procedures. Then we start planning and working through the process together.

Child Protection Protocol (CPP)

Email the Police Child Protection Team on crl@police.govt.nz or the local Police contact email address.

All tamariki or rangatahi identified in an MAI are recorded as an investigation in CYRAS. This ensures that, when multiple sites are involved, consultation occurs in line with the Child Protection Protocol (CPP).

2 Consider harm to tamariki or rangatahi

Serious harm can differ for each tamaiti or rangatahi depending on:

• the behaviour and actions causing concern
• the cumulative effects of repeated harm events
• the context they occur in
• the characteristics of individual tamariki or rangatahi
• the ability of the parents/caregivers and whānau or family to understand and provide support during the process if the alleged abuser is a whānau or family member or someone close to the whānau or family (for example, they're a teacher, pastor or sports coach). Consider the impact of that behaviour on the whānau or family system and their ability to manage the dynamics.

Consider the impact or potential impact on te tamaiti or rangatahi, not just the suspected or reported behaviour itself. We use Organising my Practice to plan our mahi to support a holistic apporach to building and deepening our understanding.

Disclosing abuse can have significant impacts on the whānau or family, and tamariki and rangatahi can feel a strong sense of responsibility and guilt and may need considerable support to manage this.

Section 14 of the Oranga Tamariki Act 1989 states that in order for intervention to be the appropriate action, serious harm does not have to have occurred – the likelihood of serious harm is enough to warrant intervention. Considering all oranga domains and expanding our frame will support us to build and deepen our understanding of the wider impacts on oranga and the risk of harm for tamariki and rangatahi within the context of their whānau or family.

Concerns about the level of actual or potential serious harm to tamariki and rangatahi will be a determining factor for Oranga Tamariki and the Police in considering whether action should be taken.

Definition of child or young person in need of care or protection — section 14 of the Oranga Tamariki Act 1989

Concerning or harmful sexual behaviour

Te Puna Oranga

Organising my practice

Frame within a frame

3 Address care or protection issues

Oranga Tamariki takes the primary role, supported by Police, to understand and address the care or protection needs and safety of the tamariki and rangatahi involved.

We consider who is best to manage the process and make decisions with tamariki and rangatahi and their whānau or family about care or protection concerns.

Police are responsible for deciding if criminal activity has occurred and gathering evidence to support this view.

We inform the regional office of future court dates when these become available.

Assessing the oranga of te tamaiti or rangatahi 

Oranga Tamariki and Police must consider the oranga of the tamariki and rangatahi, including if they are at risk of harm resulting from their own actions or harmful behaviours, for example:

• using alcohol or drugs
• sexual experimentation
• posting images on social media.

Oranga Tamariki and Police must consider if the parents or caregivers:

• are aware of these behaviours
• acknowledge that they are of concern
• are able to support te tamaiti or rangatahi to make appropriate choices and access the appropriate supports as needed.

Managing the safety of tamariki or rangatahi

A safety plan may be required to prevent further harm to the tamariki or rangatahi involved and others at risk. Use Tiaki Oranga to build and understand current safety.

Safety plans must be completed with whānau or family, household members and others close to the tamariki and rangatahi who understand the risks involved and can work with the plan.

Tiaki Oranga

Protect and support the development of tamariki and rangatahi within healthy whānau and families

Core assessment phase

Managing the safety of the tamariki and rangatahi involved might mean stopping contact with the alleged offender for the duration of the investigation – this may include the offender's own tamariki and rangatahi or those living with them.

We can use legal options to secure the safety of tamariki or rangatahi if consent is not given willingly. Before considering legal orders we should engage with parents/caregivers and whānau or family to seek safety solutions with them.

4 Create an MAI plan

The Oranga Tamariki and Police investigation team creates an MAI plan as soon as possible.

The plan should outline:

• the processes and tasks that need to be completed and who will do them
• timeframes
• the roles and responsibilities of the key people.

Processes and tasks might include:

• involving other organisations or people
• developing a communication plan
• informing the alleged offender (see step 5)
• meeting with any organisation, group or school with which the alleged offender is involved (see step 6)
• meeting with selected parents or caregivers of tamariki or rangatahi who are part of that organisation, group or school (see step 7)
• undertaking the screening process (see step 8).

Staff resource: Example of initial planning log – appendix A of the MAI joint operating procedures (DOCX 132 KB)

5 Decide whether to inform the alleged offender

The investigation team decides whether to tell the alleged offender about the allegation.

They consider the:

• safety of victims
• needs of the investigation
• rights of the alleged offender.

If the investigation team decides that it is not appropriate at that point in the investigation to tell the alleged offender about the allegations, we agree when that will occur as the alleged offender has the right to know about the allegation.

6 Meet with the organisation, group or school with which the alleged offender is involved

The investigation team, which includes Oranga Tamariki and the Police, meets with a senior person at the organisation, group or school to:

• confirm that the person will contact other agreed people or organisations
• cover the need for the organisation, group or school to address any HR issues
• discuss the parent meeting and provide information on what should be said to parents.

It’s important to build a good relationship with the senior people of the organisation. We should be transparent with them and explain to them what’s expected of them – this will help them engage with the process and work with us.

Staff resource: Example of letter from an organisation to parents/caregivers – appendix B of the MAI joint operating procedures (DOCX 71 KB)

Staff resource: Example of guide for addressing families at initial parents/caregivers meeting – appendix C of the MAI joint operating procedures (DOCX 129 KB)

The investigation team also gives advice to all staff or members of the organisation, group or school.

7 Meet with parents or caregivers of possible victims or witnesses

Organising these meetings is the joint responsibility of Oranga Tamariki and the Police.

The purpose of these meetings is to:

• inform the parents of the situation
• reassure them that the allegations are being investigated
• reassure them that tamariki and/or rangatahi will be supported
• explain the MAI process, including the screening interviews (see step 8).

Staff resource: Example of information sheet for parents/caregivers prior to screening interview – appendix D of the MAI joint operating procedures (DOCX 132 KB)

Staff resource: Template for permission from the person with the right of custody of the child or young person for screening interview – appendix E of the MAI joint operating procedures (DOCX 127 KB)

8 Do screening interviews with possible victims or witnesses

The screening process:

• identifies the potential size or scope of the MAI
• enables appropriate support to be provided to suspected victims
• is one way to gather evidence for the criminal investigation.

We must have signed consent from parents or caregivers for each tamaiti or rangatahi to be screened.

The Police and Oranga Tamariki brief the screening teams about the process, particularly:

• the risk of evidence contamination
• boundaries around questions
• recording the interview
• being clear about the names and birth dates of tamariki or rangatahi being interviewed and recording the names of any other victims they mention.

Staff resource: Example of questions for screening interviews – appendix F of the MAI joint operating procedures (DOCX 98 KB)

Staff resource: Example of spreadsheet to record screening interviews – appendix G of the MAI joint operating procedures (XLSX 124 KB)

After the interviews, the investigating team decides if any of the tamariki or rangatahi need to be referred for a specialist child interview or specialist child (witness) interview.

Consider if you need to seek help from outside the site and be very clear about everyone’s roles and responsibilities.

Specialist child interviewing

9 Provide ongoing support

If tamariki or rangatahi are required to have a specialist child interview, Police will lead this process.

If Police decide not to prosecute, that does not mean the abuse has not happened.

We continue to work in relational, inclusive and restorative ways through considering:

• Are the tamariki or rangatahi safe or is a safety plan required? Tiaki Oranga supports this.
• What whānau or family and community supports can be drawn on?
• Are the parents/caregivers and whānau or family able to resolve the safety concerns or is further involvement required – for example, a referral to a family group conference?

If a specialist child interview is not required, we are responsible for making sure that the parents or caregivers get referred to the appropriate support and intervention services, and for advising them about what happens next. This is also important to help them manage and support their tamariki or rangatahi now and in the future.

Find out if the organisation has the right child protection policies in place and, if not, provide support to develop them. The Children's Act 2014 specifies what is required.

Children’s Action Plan and Vulnerable Children Act 2014 | Ministry of Justice

At the end of the process, ensure the relevant information has been shared and understood. Be supportive and encourage working together in the future – this may include making recommendations for them to consider.

Staff resource: Examples of organisation name suppression application in prosecutor’s report – appendix H of the MAI joint operating procedures (DOCX 90 KB)

Staff resource: Example of initial Police media statement – appendix I of the MAI joint operating procedures (DOCX 99 KB)